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Junior and senior high school
Leonia Middle School, in Leonia, New JerseyJunior high school is any school
intermediate between elementary school and senior high school. It usually
includes grades seven and eight, and sometimes six or nine. The term "Middle
School" has supplanted "Junior High School" in the last twenty years because
educators no longer wanted intermediate education to be based on a high school
model, believing it to be inappropriate. In some locations, intermediate school
includes grade nine only, allowing students to adjust to a high school
environment. However, the goal of middle schools in recent years has been to
address the unique educational and developmental needs of early adolescents,
therefore middle schools have attempted to create a learning environment that is
different from elementary school and different from high school. At this time,
students begin to enroll in class schedules where they take classes from several
teachers in a given day, unlike in elementary school where most classes are
taught by the same teacher. The classes are usually a strict set of science,
math, English, and social science courses, interspersed with a reading and/or
technology class. Many schools now require a world language course. Every grade
from kindergarten through ninth grade usually includes a mandatory physical
education (P.E.) class. Student-chosen courses, known as electives, are
generally limited to only one or two classes. Starting in ninth grade, grades
become part of a student’s official transcript. Future employers or colleges may
want to see steady improvement in grades and a good attendance record on the
official transcript. Therefore, students are encouraged to take much more
responsibility for their education.
Senior high school is a school attended after middle school or junior high
school. High school is often used instead of senior high school and
distinguished from junior high school.
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